The boundary slippages between autobiography and fiction have always encouraged reflection on genre classification much twentieth-century criticism on autobiography specifically addresses the existence and character of these boundaries. Increasingly, in the twenty-first century, we have been encountering texts that privilege the word "fiction" and are marketed as novels, but that make definite autobiographical gestures, on the level of plot or in thought. The blending of fiction and autobiography is not a new phenomenon, and substantial twentieth-century criticism on the fictionalization of memory and related issues exists. A recent trend in fiction-the incorporation of (what appears to be) autobiographical narratives in texts published as novels-invites us to rethink the boundaries between the novel and life writing.
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